Pumps - General Guidelines

9.0 Scope

This Standard applies to all industrial/commercial pumps, including centrifugal, vertical, rotary and reciprocating types. It includes: types; definitions; design and application; airborne sound measurement and decontamination.

9.1 Types of pumps

Industrial/commerical pumps are used in an infinite variety of applications, and many different configurations of design are used to satisfy these requirements.

The different designs can be typified diagrammatically, as shown in Figure 9.1 on the following page. The first distinction is the manner in which the machine adds energy and moves the liquid.

9.1.1 Positive displacement pumps

Positive displacement pumps add energy by trapping liquid in a confined space and forcibly moving it out of the pump and into the discharge pipe. This pumping action is done by one of three methods:

1) Reciprocating action of plungers, pistons, bellows or diaphrams;

2) Rotary action of mechanical devices such as gears, screws, vanes, etc.;

3) Blow case arrangements using pressurized air to displace liquid.

9.1.2 Kinetic pumps

Kinetic pumps add energy by high-speed rotating wheels or impellers and fall into the following categories:

– Centrifugal, both horizontal and vertical turbine types;

– Regenerative turbine;

– Rotating casing with pitot tube.